If you recall from our Create Your Own Custom Photoshop Brushes tutorial, if we were painting on paper with a real brush, the brush would lay down a continuous coat of paint on the paper, but that's not how Photoshop works. Fade gradually reduces the size of the brush as you drag out a stroke. In fact, it works exactly the same way whether you're using a pen tablet or not. The Fade option is the only choice we have for dynamically controlling the thickness of the brush that does not require a pen tablet.
Click on the drop-down list to view all the choices for controlling the size of the brush.